Сокращенные формы (contractions) в английском языке

Сокращенные формы (contracted forms) в английском языке — это укороченные версии глаголов и вспомогательных слов, которые чаще всего используются в разговорной речи и неформальной письменной речи. Сокращения помогают сделать язык более естественным и разговорным.

Простое объяснение

Сокращенные формы образуются путем объединения глагола с местоимением или вспомогательным словом с помощью апострофа ('). Наиболее часто сокращаются глаголы "to be", "to have", "will", "would" , отрицательные частицы "not" и другими

to be	to be + not	have	will
I am = I'm	I am not = I'm not	I have = I've	I will = I'll
you are = you're	you aren't	you have = you've	you will = you'll
he is = he's	he is not = he isn't	he has = he's	he will = hell
she is = she's	she is not = she isn't	she has = she's	she will = she'll
it is = it's	it is not = it isn't	it has = it's	it will= it'll
we are = we're	we are = we aren't	we have = we've	we will = we'll
you are = you're	you are = you aren't	you have = you've	you will = you'll
they are = they're	they are = they aren't	they have = they've	they will = they'll

do not = don't

does not = doesn't

did not = didn't

Несколько примеров

1. I'm happy to see you. (Я рад тебя видеть.)

2. She's going to the store. (Она идет в магазин.)

3. They've finished their homework. (Они закончили домашнюю работу.)

4. We'll meet tomorrow. (Мы встретимся завтра.)

5. He doesn't like coffee. (Он не любит кофе.)

6. We aren't ready yet. (Мы еще не готовы.)

7. You'll be fine. (С тобой все будет в порядке.)

8. It isn't raining. (Дождя нет.)

9. I haven't seen him. (Я его не видел.)

10. She won't come to the party. (Она не придет на вечеринку.)

Упражнение

Преобразуйте следующие предложения, используя сокращенные формы:

(I am) going to the park.

I'm going to the park.

(You are) very kind.

(He is) a good student.

(We are) not ready.

(They are) at home.

(She has) finished her work.

(I will) call you later.

(He does not) like ice cream.

(We have) never been there.

(It will) be alright.